Editorial Type:
Article Category: Research Article
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Online Publication Date: 25 May 2021

POLAR ADDITIVES IN 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATION

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Page Range: 669 – 687
DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.79933
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ABSTRACT

Butadiene rubbers are frequently produced through solution polymerizations using Ziegler–Natta catalysts based on neodymium. Particularly, there is great interest in developing rubbers that present enhanced processability during the formulation step. For this reason, the present work investigated the production of butadiene rubbers in the presence of polar additives, such as methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, and water, through solution polymerizations, using neodymium versatate as catalyst. The obtained results confirmed the possibility of producing butadiene rubbers with polar character that presented improved processability properties during the vulcanization stage. In addition, a new use for water and the manufacture of copolymers of butadiene and oxygenated monomers in polymerization processes that make use of neodymium catalysts are reported for the first time.

Copyright: 2021
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.

Typical components of car tires.6

Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.

Dynamic (a) pressure and (b) temperature profiles during standard polymerization trials.

Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.

NMR spectra of sample PBd-1: (a) hydrogen and (b) carbon.

Fig. 4.
Fig. 4.

Molar mass distributions of final products of standard polymerization trials.

Fig. 5.
Fig. 5.

Dynamic (a) pressure and (b) temperature profiles during polymerization trials performed in the presence of different amounts of water.

Fig. 6.
Fig. 6.

1H-NMR spectra of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of water.

Fig. 7.
Fig. 7.

Molar mass distributions of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of water.

Fig. 8.
Fig. 8.

Tan δ values of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of water.

Fig. 9.
Fig. 9.

Dynamic (a) pressure and (b) temperature profiles during polymerization trials performed in the presence of different amounts of MAA.

Fig. 10.
Fig. 10.

Dynamic (a) pressure and (b) temperature profiles during polymerization trials performed in the presence of different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 11.
Fig. 11.

FTIR correlation spectra of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of water.

Fig. 12.
Fig. 12.

1H-NMR spectra of polymer prepared with 0.10% of MMA.

Fig. 13.
Fig. 13.

Molar mass distributions of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 14.
Fig. 14.

TGA thermograms of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 15.
Fig. 15.

Tan δ values of polymer samples prepared in the presence of different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 16.
Fig. 16.

Contact angles between acetone and samples prepared with different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 17.
Fig. 17.

1H-NMR spectrum of poly (methyl methacrylate) prepared with neodymium versatate.

Fig. 18.
Fig. 18.

Molar mass distributions of polymer products prepared in the presence of different amounts of MMA.

Fig. 19.
Fig. 19.

FTIR spectrum of PMMA sample produced with neodymium versatate.

Fig. A.1.
Fig. A.1.

FTIR spectra of PB standard sample produced with neodymium versatate.

Contributor Notes

*Corresponding author. Ph: +55-21-3938-8779; email: pinto@peq.coppe.ufrj.br
Received: 01 Jul 2020
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